·         Arousal / Skin conduct sensor

Skin conductance is an indicator for stress and anxiety. If people are stressed, they often have sweaty hands. In general, this is what the sensor picks up with more precision. Biofeedback training on this modality does not stop the body from showing a physical reaction to stress; instead, clients train to learn to bring the increased stress level back to normal after the stressful incident has occurred. (sensor placement: non dominant hand, middle element of index and ring finger)

·         Temperature / Hand warming

“Getting cold feed” is an idiom indicating stress or anxiety. It has a physiological foundation: When we are stressed or are facing anxiety or other strong emotions, our body concentrates the blood to the inner core and withdraws it to a degree from the extremities (i. e. arms and legs). Hence the skin temperature in hands and feed gets colder. Temperature training again deals with stress and anxiety issues. Likewise, it is used for treatment of Morbus Raynaud and similar diseases. (sensor placement: non dominant hand, inner tip of middle finger)

·         Respiration

Respiration is the key to training most other physiological parameters. If you breath slowly and deep into your tummy, you can monitor a positive impact on SKIN CONDUCTANCE, TEMPERATURE, PULSE and MUSCULAR TENSION. Sensor placement typically is around the waist, somewhat above the belly button (to monitor abdominal breathing). With a second such sensor, thorax respiration may also be monitored.

·         EKG Sensor

There is the EKG and the BVP sensor. Both monitor the heart rate (pulse) and related information. While the EKG sensor is placed on the chest with three single use unigel electrodes, the BVP sensor is placed on the finger (of the non-dominant hand)

·         EMG Sensor

EMG measures muscular activity of a muscle or muscle group. Typically, either TRIODES are attached directly to the sensor OR single eletrodes (plus, minus and reference) are connected to an EXTENDER cable that in return is connected to the top of the EMG sensor. (Electrode placement: Center of the muscle (plus and minus in parallel to the muscle, reference in between)

·         EEG Sensor

Measures brain activity (brain waves). Detects different wave forms that represent certain states of mind (i. e. BETA (12-15 Hz) stands for focus/concentration; Theta for non focused states/dreaming/creativity)

Sensor placement (electrode cables: Blue = + placed on the head, initially Cz = center of the hand as a common placement; Yellow and Black as EAR references one on each ear lobe (either side is possible for yellow or black)